James Donaldson on Mental Health - What Is Complex Trauma?

Treating complex trauma Complex trauma can be challenging to treat because, unlike the kind of traumatic event that is typical of PTSD, chronic traumatic experiences may be ongoing even as the child is getting treatment.

And most of the research behind evidence-based treatments for trauma symptoms in children is focused on PTSD.

That said, it’s still very important for kids dealing with complex trauma to get treatment.

The leading treatment for PTSD in children is called trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), and there is a growing body of research about adapting it for use with complex trauma.

There is also a treatment model known as the ARC Framework that is designed specifically for children who have experienced complex trauma.

ARC stands for attachment, self-regulation, and competency, and it focuses on the following goals: Attachment: Fostering strong connections between kids and their caregivers and creating a safe, supportive environment in which the family can recover from trauma.

Self-regulation: Helping kids learn to identify, express, and manage their emotions.

Competency: Supporting kids’ self-esteem and sense of competence, as well as key developmental tasks like executive functions and social skills.

Howard notes that building a child’s secure attachment to trusted adults is at the core of any treatment for complex trauma.

“Trauma treatment doesn’t involve the abusive parent, if there is one,” she says.